A new smartphone app providing therapy for depression and anxiety is just one of a growing number of similar digital services. But do they work? And what are the risks? Join Rob and Catherine as they discuss robot therapy.
This week’s question:
Roughly how many people suffer from mental illness globally?
a) One in ten people
b) One in four
c) One in three
Listen to the programme to find out the answer.
Vocabulary
therapy
treatment (often for mental illness)
woe
sadness
check in with (someone)
(informal) meet or talk to someone to exchange information
ethical
morally right
stigma
negative perception held by people, especially an unfair perception
self-reflection
thinking about yourself in order to understand yourself
Transcript
Note: This is not a word for word transcript
Catherine
Welcome to 6 Minute English, the programme where we explore an interesting topic and bring you six items of useful vocabulary. I’m Catherine.
Rob
And I’m Rob.
Catherine
I have a question for you, Rob: how would you feel about having therapy from a robot?
Rob
I’m not too sure about that – you’ll need to tell me more! But first things first, the word therapy refers to a kind of treatment that helps someone feel better – including treatment for mental health issues. Someone who delivers therapy is called a therapist.
Catherine
We’ll find out more about this robot therapist in just a moment, but first, Rob, I’ve got a question for you about the scale of mental health issues globally. So roughly how many people do you think experience mental health issues at some point during their lifetime? Is it…
a) One in ten people
b) One in four, or
c) One in three
Rob
I’ll go for one in four, but I know whichever answer is right – it’s a big issue. How might a robot therapist help?
Catherine
We’re not talking about a robot in the Star Wars sense – so there’s no flashing lights and mechanical arms, Rob! It’s actually an app in your smartphone that talks to you – and it’s called Woebot.
Rob
So – it has a sense of humour. Woe means ‘sadness’; so this is a ‘woe‘ bot, not a robot.
Catherine
And it was developed by psychologist Dr Alison Darcy from Stanford University in the US. Here she is, talking to the BBC radio programme All in the Mind.
Dr Alison Darcy, Stanford University
Well, after you start an initial conversation with the Woebot, and he’ll take you through sort of what he can do and what he can’t do, he’ll just essentially check in with you every day and just give you a sort of figurative tap on the shoulder and say: “Hey Claudia, how are you doing? What’s going on in your day? How do you feel?” So if you say, like “I’m really, really stressed out”, Woebot might offer to help talk you through something.
Catherine
Woebot checks in with you every day and asks you how you are.
Rob
So here, to check in with someone doesn’t mean to register at a hotel with that person! It’s an informal way of saying you talk to someone in order to report or find out information.
Catherine
And this usage is more common in the United States. So for example: “I can’t meet you today, Rob, but I’ll check in with you tomorrow to see how the project is getting on.”
Rob
So, this robot checks in with you every day. It tracks your mood and talks to you about your emotions, using a technique called cognitive behavioural therapy.
Catherine
Cognitive behavioural therapy is a common therapeutic technique that helps people deal with problems by changing the way they think.
Rob
That all sounds great, but does Woebot actually work?
Catherine
They’ve done some trials which show it can be more effective than simply reading information about mental health. But they haven’t compared Woebot to a real therapist due to ethical concerns.
Rob
Yes, it could be unethical to deny a real patient access to a human therapist for the sake of a trial. Ethical basically means ‘morally right’.
Catherine
And another concern is privacy. People who use apps like this are not protected by strong privacy laws.
Rob
Despite these fears, digital therapy is booming – and Woebot is just one of an increasing number of electronic services. One reason for this could be using an app carries less stigma than maybe seeing a human therapist.
Catherine
And stigma refers to the negative associations that people have about something, especially when these associations are not fair. Even though mental health is now being talked about more openly than before, some people do still see mental health issues and therapy negatively.
Rob
Whatever you think of robot therapy, Dr Darcy believes that in the modern world people need to self-reflect more – which means thinking deeply about yourself, in order to understand the reasons behind your feelings.
Dr Alison Darcy, Stanford University
The world that we live in right now is very noisy. Particularly digitally. You know, since we’ve had these little computers in our pockets with us everywhere we go, there aren’t that many opportunities for real silence or self-reflection. You know, even a commute on the tube might have been a moment to just take a second to yourself, but now that void can be filled always with super-engaging content by looking at your phone.
Catherine
Darcy believes that we don’t have much time for self-reflection because there are so many distractions in life – especially smartphones!
Rob
After discussing all this – would you actually try a therapy app like this?
Catherine
Yes I would, actually – I think it might be quite helpful.
Rob
And how about the question you asked me at the beginning of the programme: how many people experience mental health issues?
Catherine
The answer was: one in four, according the World Health Organisation and the World Federation for Mental Health. But the WHO say that as many as two-thirds of people never seek help from a health professional – with stigma being one of the main reasons.
Rob
And just there we had stigma again; let’s now run through the other words we learned today.
Catherine
So we had woe – meaning ‘sadness’. I’m full of woe. Woe is me!
Rob
Maybe you need some therapy – that’s the process of receiving treatment for a particular health issue, especially mental health illness.
Catherine
And we had – to check in with someone. After we finish this programme, I need to check in with the boss about my new project.
Rob
We also had self-reflection – that’s the process of thinking deeply about yourself.
Catherine
And finally we had ethical. If you describe something as ethical, you mean it’s morally right.
Rob
So woe, stigma, therapy, check in with, self-reflection and ethical. That’s it for this edition of 6 Minute English. We’ll leave you to self-reflect – and after you’ve done that, do visit our Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube pages, and of course our website!
Catherine
Bye for now.
Both
Bye bye!
