Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
(past perfect continuous)
(+) S + had + been + V-ing
I | had | been | studying. |
You | had | been | studying. |
He | had | been | studying. |
She | had | been | studying. |
It | had | been | studying. |
We | had | been | studying. |
You | had | been | studying. |
They | had | been | studying. |
I had been studying = I’d been studying.
Tương tự: you’d, he’d, she’d, …
Link xem cách thêm ‘ed’ và ‘ing’
(-) S + had + not + been + V-ing
I | had | not | been | studying. |
You | had | not | been | studying. |
He | had | not | been | studying. |
She | had | not | been | studying. |
It | had | not | been | studying. |
We | had | not | been | studying. |
You | had | not | been | studying. |
They | had | not | been | studying. |
had not = hadn’t
(?) Had + S + been + V-ing
Had | I | been | studying? |
Had | you | been | studying? |
Had | he | been | studying? |
Had | she | been | studying? |
Had | it | been | studying? |
Had | we | been | studying? |
Had | you | been | studying? |
Had | they | been | studying? |
Yes, I/You/He … had.
No, I/You/He…. hadn’t.
Dùng past perfect continuous
1.Nói về độ dài thời gian của một sự việc xảy ra và kéo dài cho tới một thời điểm hay một hành động khác ở trong quá khứ.
By the time we got home, they had been watching TV for 2 hours.
(Ngay lúc chúng ta về đến nhà thì chúng đã đang xem tivi được 2 tiếng.)
‘về đến nhà’ là một hành động trong quá khứ, ‘xem phim ‘ đã xảy ra trước đó và kéo dài được 2 tiếng cho đến khi hành động ‘về đến nhà’ xảy ra.
I had been waiting to see a doctor for 3 hours until noon yesterday.
(Cho đến 12 giờ trưa hôm qua tôi đã đang đợi 3 tiếng để gặp bác sỹ.)
’12 giờ trưa hôm qua’ là một thời điểm trong quá khứ, hành động ‘đợi’ xảy ra trước đó và kéo dài được 3 tiếng tính đến thời điểm ’12 giờ trưa hôm qua’.
2. Muốn nói đến một sự việc vừa mới xảy ra trước một hành động hay một thời điểm khác trong quá khứ.
I was tired because I had been studying for hours.
(Tôi mệt bởi vì tôi vừa học bài liên tục trong nhiều giờ.)
When you called me, I had been thinking about you.
(Khi bạn gọi tôi thì tôi vừa mới nghĩ đến bạn.)
3. Không dùng dạng tiếp diễn với những state verb
I had had this house for 5 years since I moved into this neighbourhood.
(Tôi đã sở hữu căn nhà này được 5 năm từ khi tôi chuyển vào khu phố này.)
I had been having my house for 5 years…
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Exercises of past perfect continuous
Use the past perfect and the past perfect continuous to fill in the gaps in the sentences
(Hãy sử dụng thì past perfect và past perfect continuous để điền vào chỗ trống trong câu)
- He (marry) had married her before we met.
- I (want / always) to travel that’s why I was delighted to go abroad with them.
- She knew him because I (introduce) them each other a few days before.
- Recently I (feel) really tired, and I didn’t know why.
- I could smell cigarettes. Somebody (smoke).
- Suddenly, my car broke down. I was not surprised because it (not/run) well for a long time.
- I (eat/already) when you called me.
- Kathy put on weight because she (not/do) exercise for months.
- My mother (already/cook) the dinner when I came home.
- I (run) for an hour when it started raining.
- They had a headache because they (play) computer games all day.
- Mary (not/finish) her homework yet when I met her in the library.
Link xem đáp án bài tập quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn (past perfect continuous)
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